September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
544 pages
12h 2m
Spanish
Content preview from Libro de cocina Linux, 2ª edición
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Capítulo 6. Gestión de ficheros y directorios
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Linux proporciona fuertes controles básicos para el acceso a archivos y directorios con privilegios configurables. Cada archivo y directorio tiene tres niveles de propiedad, incluyendo usuario, grupo y otros; y múltiples niveles de acceso, incluyendo lectura, escritura y ejecución. Puedes proteger tus archivos personales y controlar quién tiene acceso a ellos, y el usuario root puede gestionar el acceso a comandos, scripts, archivos compartidos y archivos del sistema.
Aunque utilices herramientas de control de acceso más potentes -como SELinux oAppArmor-, sigue siendo importante que los fundamentos sean correctos.
En un sistema Linux, tanto los usuarios humanos como los servicios del sistema tienen cuentas de usuario. Algunos servicios del sistema necesitan cuentas de usuario para controlar los privilegios, igual que los usuarios humanos.
Cada archivo de tiene tres tipos de propiedad: propietario, grupo y otros (a vecesotros se expresa como mundo). El propietario es un único usuario, el propietario de grupo es un único grupo, y otros son todos los demás que tienen acceso al archivo.
Cada archivo tiene seis modos de permiso -lectura, escritura y ejecutable- y tres modos especiales: el sticky bit, setuid y setgid.
Los permisos de archivo controlan qué usuarios pueden crear, leer, editar o borrar un archivo, y qué usuarios ...
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