
60 MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION LINES
A) Z, = Zo B) ZL < Zo C) ZL = 2Zo
D) Z, = 0 E) Short along line. F) ZL --- 50 -jXc
G) Zt =50+jx,
Figure 4-8 TDR waveforms expected for various loads.
Thus, the TDR setup (or a TDR instrument) can be used to measure the length
of a transmission line. A general equation is
nmeters
=
CVZd
(4-18)
2
where
L =
length in meters
c = velocity of light (3 x 10 s m/s)