June 2021
Intermediate to advanced
290 pages
9h 21m
Chinese
Content preview from Node与Express开发（第2版）
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149
第 14章
路由
路由是你的网站或
Web
服务最重要的方面之一。幸运的是，
Express
中的路由十分简单、
灵活且稳定。通过
路由
这种机制，就可以让请求（由
URL
和
HTTP
方法来指定）与处理
它们的代码相匹配。正如前面已经提到的，路由过去是基于文件的，而且很简单。例如，
如果你把文件
foo/about.html
放到你的网站上
，就可以在浏览器上通过路径
/foo/about.html
访问它。不过，这种方式虽然简单但不够灵活。而且，不管你是否已注意到，在
URL
中
带上
html
这种方式如今已经非常过时了。
在深入到
Express
路
由的技术层面之前，应该先讨论一下
信息架构
（
IA
）这个概念。
IA
指
的是内容的概念组织方式。在开始考虑路由之前，先规划好一套可扩展（但又不过度复
杂）的
IA
，将来可以带来巨大的好处。
在众多关于
IA
的优秀文章中有一篇文章充满智慧而又永不过时，它就是“
Cool URIs don
’
t
change
”
，作者是
Tim Berners-Lee
，实际上他是
发明互联网
的人。现在你就可以（也应该）
读一读。这篇关于互联网技术的文章写于
1998
年
，那时的结论到今天还能适用的已经不
多了，让我们好好体会一下。
这篇文章向我们提出了应该承担起来的崇高责任：
分配一套
URI
，让它们能够坚持到
2
年
后、
20
年后、
200
年后，这是作为网站管
理员的职责。这需要思索、需要组织、需要决心。
——
T
im Berners-Lee
我总是想象，如果
We
b
设计也像其他的工程领域一样要求职业许可，那么我们就会做类
150
｜
第
14
章
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