June 2021
Intermediate to advanced
290 pages
9h 21m
Chinese
Content preview from Node与Express开发（第2版）
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64
第 7 章
视图模板——使用
Handlebars
本章要讨论
模板化
，它是一项构建和格式化用户显示的内容的技术。可以把模板化想象成
以下邮件的某种演变：“亲爱的
[
昵称
]
：我们很遗憾地通知你
，
[
过时技术
A]
已经没有人
用了，但模板化技术如日中天！”要把这封邮件发给一大批人，只需替换
[
昵称
]
和
[
过
时技术
A]
。
这种替换字段的过程有时候叫作
插值
，听起来有些花哨，其实就是“补充缺
失的信息”的意思。
服务器端的模板化虽然正在快速地被像
React
、
Angular
和
Vue
这样的前端框架取代，但
仍然在使用，比如创建
HTML
邮件
。而且，
Angular
和
Vue
也是采用类似模板的方式来写
HTML
，因此我们学到的服务器端模板化技术也可以用在那些前端框架上。
如果你有
PHP
开发背景
，可能就见怪不怪了，因为
PHP
可以说是模板化语言的第一批语
言之一。大多数适应了
We
b
的语言会提供某种类型的模板化支持。不过今时不同往日，
模
板引擎
正在跟语言解耦。
那么，模板化是什么呢？先来看看模板化取代了什么。考虑一下如何用一种语言来生成另
一种语言（具体来说，需要用
JavaScript
来生成
HTML
）
，下面是最明白、最直接的做法：
document.write('<h1>Please Don\'t Do This</h1>')
document.write('<p><span class="code">document.write</span> is naughty,\n')
document.write('and should be avoided ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.