June 2021
Intermediate to advanced
290 pages
9h 21m
Chinese
Content preview from Node与Express开发（第2版）
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REST API
和
JSON
｜
161
学语言的形式，但其本质无非就是客户端和服务器端之间的无状态连接。
REST
的正式定
义也指出，服务既可以被缓存，也可以被分层（也就是说，当你在使用一个
REST
API
时，
在它之下可能还有另外的
REST
API
）。
从现实出发，由于
HTTP
本身的限制
，创造一个不是
RESTful
的
API
反倒很困难，比方说
你还要费很大劲去建立状态。因此，我们的
REST
API
的工作非常省事。
15.1
JSON
和
XML
要提供一套
API
，最重要的是双方要有“共同语言”。沟通方式的一部分已经规定好了，
就是必须使用
HTTP
方法来跟服务器通信
。但在此之后，可以自由选择要使用什么样的
数据表示方式。过去，
XML
是主流选择
，现在，它仍是重要的标记语言。尽管
XML
不
算特别复杂，但
Douglas
Crockford
还是觉得某种更轻量的东西很有必要，于是
JavaScript
Object Notation
（
JSON
）就诞生了
。它除了对
JavaScript
很友好之外（但并不意味着它是
JavaScript
专有的，
对任何语言它都是易于解析的格式），还有通常而言更易于手写的优势。
对大多数应用而言，我更偏好
JSON
而不是
XML
，因为
JSON
对
JavaScript
有更好的支
持，而且它的格式更简单、更紧凑。我建议主要关注
JSON
，仅当有系统要求用
XML
跟你
的应用通信时才提供
XML
。
15.2
我们的
API
在开始实行
API
之前需要先规划好它。除了列出度假产品和订阅产品“上市”通知以外，
还需要增加一个“删除度假产品”的端点 ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.