June 2021
Intermediate to advanced
290 pages
9h 21m
Chinese
Content preview from Node与Express开发（第2版）
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28
｜
第
4
章
项目的文件与目录该如何安排，很大程度上由你自己决定。推荐在
README.md
文件（或
从它链接到的自述文件）里加上项目文件与目录的导航。
建议项目根目录至少包含
package.json
和
README.md
这两个文件。其余的取决于你的想象力。
4.2
最佳实践
最佳实践
如今是个热词，你应该有所耳闻。它意味着应该“把事情做对”，并且不能取巧
（一会儿再专门讨论其具体含义）。你应该听说过下面这句工程建设格言：可以又快、又
省、又好，但只能选择其中两样。我常常对此“教条”感到不满：它没有考虑使用正确方
式做事的
累积价值
。第一次使用正确的方式做某件事，可能要花比“只求快而不计后果”
的做法多
4
倍的时间
。可是到了第二次，只要花
3
倍的时间，而十几次之后，就可以跟
“只求快而不计后果”的做法一样快了。
一位击剑教练曾告诫我说：练习未必达成完美，它只是在
固化
。也就是说，如果你一遍遍
地做某事，最终就会形成无意识的机械行为。这句话是对的，但它忽略了练习的质量。如
果你不断练习的是坏习惯，那么坏习惯就会机械化。因此，应该遵守“完美的练习才能达
成完美”的法则。我鼓励你在此法则的指引下跟随本书后面的示例代码，就好像在构建一
个真实的网站，且你的声誉和收入都依赖这个网站的质量。使用本书的目的，不应该只是
学习新技能，而是通过练习，养成一些好习惯。
我们将主要关注版本控制和质量保证（
QA
）方面的实践
。本章会讨论版本控制，
QA
将在
下一章讨论。
4.3
版本控制
希望不需要我来告诉你版本控制的重要性（否则恐怕得再写一本书）。大体来说 ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.