
361
35
Radio Frequency Theory
35.1 INTRODUCTION
This section explores some of the basics of radio frequency (RF) communication, including wave
propagation and electromagnetic eld (EMF) theory. It is useful when beginning any radio fre-
quency identication (RFID) project to understand the underlying physical properties that allow
the system to operate. We have included four Sections. Section 35.2: Common Terms; Section 35.4:
Radio Wave Theory; Section 35.5: Antenna Theory; and Section 35.6: Modulation.
35.2 COMMON TERMS
Cycle: A cycle is a complete crest-to-crest or peak-to-peak movement of a wave.
Period: A period is the time taken to complete