August 2019
Beginner to intermediate
232 pages
3h 50m
Chinese
Content preview from Web容量规划之美
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158
第
5
章
安装过程
如果你安装的服务器比较多，使用物理引导介质（如
CD-ROM
）的安装过程会比
较烦琐而耗时，并且要求有人随时在数据中心待命。这种情况下，你就需要建立一
个网络启动服务器，对
PC
硬件来说这通常意味着一个预引导执行环境（
PXE
）
译注
1
，
如图
5-5
所示。
图
5
-
5
：PXE 引导过程的基本步骤
基于
PXE
的安装是众多服务一起工作的过程。客户端的
PXE
固件通过
DHCP
请
求它的环境。
DHCP
服务器提供提取引导镜像所需的信息（包括
IP
地址、引导服
务器和镜像名称）。最终客户端通过
TFTP
从引导服务器中提取引导镜像。
对于自动安装的系统，引导镜像是由核心程序和包含安装程序的随机存取存储器
磁盘组成的（这与无盘客户机设置不同，启动映像包含客户机用来装载网络卷作
为其根文件系统盘卷的生产内核）。接下来安装者决定安装什么类型的主机并适
当地格式化文件系统。向主机映射硬件配置文件有几种方法：通常是使用基于主
机名和
MAC
地址的指定配置。举个例子，
kickstart
把配置文件名当作
DHCP
选项
的一部分传送并从
TFTP
服务器中提取出来，而
SystemImager
把配置文件保存在
映射主机名和镜像类型的镜像服务器中。然后安装者把操作系统从网络上安装到
新格式化的硬盘卷上。由于这个过程与基于程序包的安装者有关，这就意味着从
译注
1
：
PXE
（
preboot execute environment
）是指由
Intel
公司开发的最新技术，工作于
Client/
Server
的网络模式，支持工作站通过网络从远程服务器下载映像 ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.