September 2022
Beginner to intermediate
321 pages
4h 50m
Chinese
Content preview from 语义软件设计
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216
｜
第
9
章
9.3
基础设施即代码
基础设施即代码（
Infrastructure as Code
，简称
IaC
）允许你通过纯文本，以声明式
的方式描述你想要创建的基础设施。软件系统会读取这些声明，并建立相应的基础
设施。你不需要协商合同，招募采购部门，并提前花费大量资金，通过不可重复且
难以可视化的流程建立数据中心。在
IaC
的帮助下，你可以使用配置语法，通过纯
文本定义整个数据中心。这些文本就是数据中心的蓝图。
IaC
具有以下几点巨大的
优势：
•
全面了解数据中心的情况，以及支撑应用程序和服务的所有组件。
•
只需简单地修改区域或地区名称，即可跨多个云区域重复部署数据中心。
•
此外，其他团队也可以共享和重用基础设施的定义，方便项目快速启动。
•
由于基础设施的定义是纯文本文件，所以可以（并且应该）存储到代码库中，
这意味着
IaC
定义可以实施版本控制。如果出现异常，可以将整个数据中心回
滚到上一次正常工作的状态。
•
基础设施环境的测试也更加容易。你可以（并且应该）编写一系列测试来检查
基础设施的健康状况和合规性。
•
可以将管治定义为代码，检查资源是否已正确配置、标记并符合指南。
鉴于这些原因，我们认为
IaC
是解构软件系统设计中的一个重要元素。业务应用程
序领域中的一切都可以是代码，而且也应该是代码，这样就可以通过
API
呈现，而
且还可以通过自动化流程调用。
以下是一些流行的实现
IaC
的工具：
•
使用
Vagrant
（
https://www.vagrantup.com
）之类的工具配置本地和远程系统。
Vagrant ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.