April 2026
392 pages
6h 20m
Japanese
Content preview from APIハンズオンラーニング ―手を動かして学ぶAPIの設計と実装Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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4章Webプロトコル
前章では、TCP/IP上でテキストをバイト列として送受信した。この考え方は、今日のWebで最も広く使われているプロトコルであるHTTP（Hypertext Transfer Protocol）の基礎となっている。
この章ではHTTPの目的と進化を解説する。netcat、tcpdump、iperf、curl、nghttp2、tshark、Wiresharkなどのネットワーク解析ツールを使ってプロトコルの進化を探索する。HTTPの各バージョンを順に紹介することで、巨大な仕様であるHTTPの特徴をより平易に説明できると考えている。また、HTTPと関連するQUICプロトコルについてネットワークのパケットレベルでデモンストレーションを行う。これを通じて、ネットワークベースのAPI（主に、HTTPを利用するAPI）に関する上位層でのトピックに備えることも意図している。この章の議論では、WebブラウザーをはじめとするWeb APIのクライアントという観点からのHTTPの特徴に焦点を当てる。
4.1 ハイパーテキストとは
「ハイパーテキスト」という用語は1965年にTed Holm Nelsonによって提唱された†1。
「ハイパーテキスト」という言葉を紹介しよう。紙面上では表現できないような複雑さで相互接続された、文章や絵の資料という意味である。
——Ted Holm Nelson（1965）
[†1] Ted Holm Nelson, "Complex Information Processing: A File Structure for the Complex, the Changing and the Indeterminate" (https://oreil.ly/wAO7I ...
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