April 2026
392 pages
6h 20m
Japanese
Content preview from APIハンズオンラーニング ―手を動かして学ぶAPIの設計と実装Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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10章WebSocket
HTTPベースのAPIはリクエストとレスポンスのモデルに基づいており、クライアントはサーバーにリクエストを送信してレスポンスを待つ。クライアントが先にリクエストを行わなければ、サーバーから接続を開始したり、クライアントへと一方的にレスポンスを送信したりはできない。Server-Sent Events（https://oreil.ly/sDPnx）やHTTP Streaming（https://oreil.ly/ETuMx）などの手法を使えば、情報をクライアントに複数回プッシュできるが、ここでもやはりクライアントが最初のリクエストを行う。一方でポーリングと呼ばれる手法では、クライアントは新しい情報を求めて繰り返しリクエストを行う。これには、リクエストのたびに新しいTCP接続が確立されるショートポーリングと、長寿命のTCP接続の上で複数回リクエストが行われるロングポーリングという2つの形態が考えられている。
同時に双方向の通信を行えることを目指して、WebSocketという仕組みが提案されている。WebSocketはリクエストとレスポンスのモデルを取り入れておらず、クライアントとサーバーが互いに独立してメッセージを送信できる。全二重伝送モードをサポートするTCPベースの独自プロトコル（WebSocket）が用意されており、HTTPからこのプロトコルに切り替えるという手順がとられる。
WebSocketは非同期通信†1であるとみなされることが多いが、本質的に非同期であるというわけではない†2。WebSocketの上で同期形式の通信を行うクライアントとサーバーの実装も存在する†3。しかしWebSocketを非同期形式で利用すれば、複数の接続を効率的に管理でき、応答性 ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.