February 2000
Intermediate to advanced
464 pages
15h 57m
English
Content preview from Internet Core Protocols: The Definitive GuideBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Terminology
Most network managers refer to data that is sent across a network using generic terms such as “packet” or “datagram.” However, as TCP/IP has evolved, a variety of terms have been used to describe the units of data that are transmitted by specific protocols. RFC 1122 brought all of these terms together and defined the usage for each term according to specific protocols. These terms are used throughout this book in the same manner.
- Frame
A frame is the unit of data that is sent across a network using the link-layer protocol appropriate for that network. This includes link-layer encapsulation technologies such as Ethernet II frames, 802.3 Ethernet frames, or Token Ring frames.
- IP datagram
An IP datagram is the unit of data that is managed by the Internet Protocol, including whatever data is being transmitted, as well as the IP headers associated with that data. In essence, an IP datagram is the unit of data that IP works with explicitly.
- IP packet
An IP packet is another term for IP datagrams, although this term is most often used to refer to the datagram portion of a frame, rather than referring to the datagram itself. For example, a sending and receiving system will look at an IP datagram as a single entity, while that datagram may have been split into multiple IP packets for transmission across a set of intermediary networks. Typically speaking, hosts deal with IP datagrams, while routers deal with IP packets.
- Message
A message is the unit of data sent from one of the upper-layer ...
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