September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
630 pages
13h 8m
Spanish
Content preview from Introducción a Python, 2ª Edición
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Capítulo 2. Datos Los Datos: Tipos, valores, variables y nombres
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Es preferible elegir un buen nombre que grandes riquezas.
Proverbios 22:1
Bajo el capó, todo lo que hay en tu ordenador no es más que una secuencia de bits(véase el Apéndice A). Una de las ventajas de la informática es que podemos interpretar esos bits como queramos: como datos de distintos tamaños y tipos (números, caracteres de texto) o incluso como el propio código informático. Utilizamos Python para definir trozos de esos bits con distintos fines, y para llevarlos y traerlos de la CPU.
Empezaremos con los tipos dedatos de Python y los valores que pueden contener. Luego veremos cómo representar datos como valores literales y variables.
Los datos en Python son objetos
Puedes visualizar la memoria de tu ordenador como una larga serie de estanterías. Cada ranura de una de esas estanterías de memoria tiene un byte de ancho (ocho bits), y las ranuras están numeradas desde el 0 (la primera) hasta el final. Los ordenadores modernos tienen miles de millones de bytes de memoria (gigabytes), por lo que las estanterías llenarían un enorme almacén imaginario.
El sistema operativo da acceso a un programa Python a parte de la memoria de tu ordenador. Esa memoria se utiliza para el código del propio programa y los datos que utiliza. El sistema operativo se asegura de que el programa no pueda leer o escribir ...
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