September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
630 pages
13h 8m
Spanish
Content preview from Introducción a Python, 2ª Edición
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Capítulo 22. Py Sci
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En su reinado, el poder del vapor En tierra y mar llegó a ser supremo, Y todos confían ahora en las nuevas victorias de la ciencia.
James McIntyre, Oda del Jubileo de la Reina 1887
En los últimos años, en gran parte debido al software que verás en este capítulo, Python se ha hecho extremadamente popular entre los científicos. Si tú también eres científico o estudiante, puede que hayas utilizado herramientas como MATLAB y R, o lenguajes tradicionales como Java, C o C++. Ahora verás cómo Python constituye una plataforma excelente para el análisis y la publicación científicos.
Matemáticas y Estadística en la Biblioteca Estándar
En primer lugar, hagamos un pequeño viaje a la biblioteca estándar y visitemos algunas funciones y módulos que hemos ignorado.
Funciones matemáticas
Python dispone de un montón de funciones matemáticas en la bibliotecamatemática estándar. Sólo tienes que escribir import math para acceder a ellas desde tus programas.
Tiene algunas constantes como pi y e:
>>>importmath>>>math.pi>>>3.141592653589793>>>math.e2.718281828459045
La mayor parte consiste en funciones, así que veamos las más útiles.
fabs() devuelve el valor absoluto de su argumento:
>>>math.fabs(98.6)98.6>>>math.fabs(-271.1)271.1
Obtén el número entero por debajo (floor()) y por encima (ceil()) de algún número:
>>>math.floor(98.6)98>>>math.floor ...
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