November 2021
Intermediate to advanced
410 pages
12h 1m
Chinese
Content preview from MongoDB权威指南（第3版）
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配置分片
｜
251
15.2
启动服务器
创建集群的第一步是启动所需的所有进程。如第
14
章所述，需要创建
mongos
和分片。另
外，还需创建第
3
个组件
，即配置服务器，这是很重要的一个部分。配置服务器是存有集
群配置的普通
mongod
服务器
：哪个副本集上有分片，哪个集合被分片了，以及每个块位
于哪个分片上。
MongoDB 3.2
引入了副本集作为配置服务器
。副本集取代了配置服务器使
用的原始同步机制，
MongoDB 3.4
则彻底删除了使用该机制的能力。
15.2.1
配置服务器
配置服务器是集群的大脑，保存着关于每个服务器包含哪些数据的所有元数据，因此，必
须首先创建配置服务器。由于配置服务器所保存的数据
非常
重要，因此必须确保它在运行
时启用了日志功能，并确保它的数据存储在非临时性的驱动器上。在生产环境中，配置服
务器副本集应该至少包含
3
个成员
。每个配置服务器应该位于单独的物理机器上，这些机
器最好是跨地理位置分布的。
配置服务器必须在任何一个
mongos
进程之前启动
，因为
mongos
需要从这些进程中提取配
置信息。首先，在
3
台不同的机器上运行以下命令来启动配置服务器：
$ mongod --configsvr --replSet configRS --bind_ip localhost,198.51.100.51 mongod
--dbpath /var/lib/mongodb
$ mongod --configsvr --replSet configRS --bind_ip localhost,198.51.100.52 ...
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