Programming Perl, 4th Edition

Loop Control

We mentioned that you can put a LABEL on a loop to give it a name. The loop’s LABEL identifies the loop for the loop-control operators next, last, and redo. The LABEL names the loop as a whole, not just the top of the loop. Hence, a loop-control operator referring to the loop doesn’t actually “go to” the loop label itself. As far as the computer is concerned, the label could just as easily have been placed at the end of the loop. But people like things labelled at the top, for some reason.

Loops are typically named for the item the loop is processing on each iteration. This interacts nicely with the loop-control operators, which are designed to read like English when used with an appropriate label and a statement modifier. The archetypal loop works on lines, so the archetypal loop label is LINE:, and the archetypal loop-control operator is something like this:

next LINE if /^#/;      # discard comments

The syntax for the loop-control operators is:

last LABEL
next LABEL
redo LABEL

The LABEL is optional; if omitted, the operator refers to the innermost enclosing loop. But if you want to jump past more than one level, you must use a LABEL to name the loop you want to affect. That LABEL does not have to be in your lexical scope, though it probably ought to be. But, in fact, the LABEL can be anywhere in your dynamic scope. If this forces you to jump out of an eval or subroutine, Perl issues a warning (upon request).

Just as you may have as many return operators in a function as you ...