Programming Perl, 4th Edition

Perl Functions by Category

Here are Perl’s functions and function-like keywords, arranged by category. Some functions appear under more than one heading.

Scalar manipulation

chomp, chop, chr, crypt, fc, hex, index, lc, lcfirst, length, oct, ord, pack, q//, qq//, reverse, rindex, sprintf, substr, tr///, uc, ucfirst, y///

Regular expressions and pattern matching

m//, pos, qr//, quotemeta, s///, split, study

Numeric functions

abs, atan2, cos, exp, hex, int, log, oct, rand, sin, sqrt, srand

Array processing

pop, push, shift, splice, unshift

As of v5.12, you may also use each, keys, and values on arrays, if you really feel you must.

List processing

grep, join, map, qw//, reverse, sort, unpack

Hash processing

delete, each, exists, keys, values

Input and output

binmode, close, closedir, dbmclose, dbmopen, die, eof, fileno, flock, format, getc, print, printf, read, readdir, readpipe, rewinddir, say, seek, seekdir, select (ready file descriptors), syscall, sysread, sysseek, syswrite, tell, telldir, truncate, warn, write

Fixed-length data and records

pack, read, syscall, sysread, sysseek, syswrite, unpack, vec

Filehandles, files, and directories

–X, chdir, chmod, chown, chroot, fcntl, glob, ioctl, link, lstat, mkdir, open, opendir, readlink, rename, rmdir, select (ready file descriptors), select (output filehandle), stat, symlink, sysopen, umask, unlink, utime

Flow of program control

caller, continue, die, do, dump, eval, exit, _ _FILE_ _, goto, last, _ _LINE_ _, next, _ _PACKAGE_ _, redo, return, sub, wantarray ...