R Deep Learning Essentials - Second Edition

What is deep learning?

Deep learning is a subfield within machine learning, which in turn is a subfield within artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is the art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people. Machine learning uses algorithms that learn without being explicitly programmed. Deep learning is the subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks that mimic how the brain works.

The following diagram shows the relationships between them. For example, self-driving cars are an application of artificial intelligence. A critical part of self-driving cars is to recognize other road users, cars, pedestrians, cyclists, and so on. This requires machine learning because ...