October 2013
Intermediate to advanced
312 pages
12h 10m
English
Content preview from The Maplin Electronic Circuits Handbook, 2nd Edition
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THE 555 TIMER 155
Duty cycle
The duty cycle of a pulse waveform is the ratio of 'on' (or 'high') time to
'on' (or 'high') plus Off' (or low') times. Duty cycle is often expressed as
a percentage, i.e.:
Duty cycle = ——— χ 100%
A waveform which is 'high' for
1
ms and 'low' for
1
ms thus has a duty
cycle of 50% (i.e. the pulse is present for half of the period).
Mark to space ratio
The mark to space ratio of a pulse waveform is the ratio of 'on' (or 'high')
time to 'off' (or 'low') time. Thus:
Mark to space ratio = —
^off
Pulse width
The pulse width of a rectangular waveform is the time interval (measured
at the 50% amplitude points) for whic
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