1 Introduction to Electromagnetic Transient Analysis of Power Systems
Juan A. Martinez-Velasco
1.1 Overview
Electrical power systems are among the most complex, extensive and efficient systems designed to date. The goal of a power system is to generate, transport and distribute the electrical energy demanded by consumers in a safe and reliable way.
Power systems play a crucial role in modern society, and their operation is based on some specific principles. Since electricity cannot be stored in large quantities, the operation of the power system must achieve a permanent balance between its production in power stations and its consumption by loads in order to maintain frequency within narrow limits and ensure a reliable service.
Even when the power system is running under normal operation, loads are continually connected and disconnected, and some control actions are required to maintain voltage and frequency within limits. This means that the power system is never operating in a steady state. In addition, unscheduled disturbances can alter the normal operation of the power system, force a change in its configuration, cause failure of some power equipment or cause an interruption of service that can affect a significant percentage of the system demand, such as a blackout.
The analysis and simulation of electromagnetic transients has become a fundamental methodology for understanding the performance of power systems, determining power component ratings, explaining equipment failures ...
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