Advanced Frequency Synthesis by Phase Lock

SYMBOLS LIST AND GLOSSARY

The following is a list of terms and symbols used throughout the book. Special meanings that have been assigned to the symbols are given, although the same symbols occasionally may have other meanings, which should be apparent from the context of their usage. The meanings of other terms can be found through the index.

|F|	Magnitude of F.
	Phase of F.
ADC	Analog-to-digital converter.
ADPLL	All-digital phase-locked loop.
Bn	Noise bandwidth.
BW	Specified bandwidth of a spectrum analyzer.
c	Cycle(s).
CP	Charge pump.
CP&I	Charge pump and integrator (a charge pump feeding a capacitor).
crs	Noise bandwidth multiplier for all spectrum analyzers.
DA, DAC	Digital-to-analog converter.
dB_	Decibels relative to _.
dBc	Decibels relative to carrier (total power).
dBr	Decibels relative to 1 rad2.
dB/Hz	Relative power density per hertz bandwidth (dBr/Hz is decibels relative to 1 rad2/Hz, etc.).
DCO	Digitally controlled oscillator.
DFT	Digital Fourier transform.
DSM	Delta–sigma modulator (also DDSM, digital DSM, in this work).
EFM	Error feedback modulator.
EFMn	nth-order EFM.
ETF	Error transfer function, the ratio of the error (quantization noise) at the output to its value at its source.
fdiv	Frequency at the frequency divider output, also called fs in FS2.
fe	Error frequency, fref − fout.
fi	VCO initial frequency in hertz. ...