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book
大数据项目管理:从规划到实现
by
Ted Malaska
,
Jonathan Seidman
January 2020
Beginner to intermediate
155 pages
3h 17m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
大数据项目管理:从规划到实现
分布式存储系统
|
85
选择一致性还是可用性通常取决于实际情况。不过,有时候也会由选择的存储系统决定。
例如,
HBase
就选择了一致性,而
Cassandra
选择了可用性。不过,
Cassandra
还是为一致
性模型提供了一些控制机制。
5.1.6
主要用例
最后一个需要考虑的问题是存储系统的主要使用模式。我们可以在多个用例中使用一种存
储系统,但有些系统针对一小组使用模式进行了高度优化,如果使用不当,就会导致失
败。在介绍不同用例的过程中,将会说明哪些系统适用于哪些用例,并在介绍每个系统时
提供更多的上下文信息。
1.
大型扫描
这类用例要求对数据进行大型扫描,例如按照日期或其他大型分区边界对数据进行分区,
但分区中的记录不少于
100
万条。这类用例主要包括查询很大的记录块、机器学习、图处
理和窗口操作。对于这些用例,通常会使用基于文件的存储系统(例如
HDFS
)或对象存
储系统。
2.
随机数据访问
这类用例要求快速访问一条或多条记录,或者在大约一毫秒内更新记录,而不是扫描很
大的数据块。为此,需要一个高度可变和支持索引的系统。像
HBase
或
Cassandra
这样的
NoSQL
系统通常最适合这类用例。
3.
数据立方体
这类用例要求进行大量的深度分析。在这个模型中,需要对数据进行高度优化,以支持从
多个角度查询数据。基于
Lucene
的系统(如
Elasticsearch
和
Solr
)可以作为这类用例的解
决方案。
4.
时间序列
在物联网应用程序中,需要存储和访问大量与时间相关的事件。为此,我们需要一个优化
过排序的存储系统。对于这类应用程序 ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115457363