What are CAS?
According to BusinessDictionary.com, CAS is defined as:
"Entity consisting of many diverse and autonomous components or parts (called agents) which are interrelated, interdependent, linked through many (dense) interconnections, and behave as a unified whole in learning from experience and in adjusting (not just reacting) to changes in the environment." [viii]
One of the most popular definitions of CAS was offered by John H. Holland, a pioneer in the study of CAS:
"A Complex Adaptive System (CAS) is a dynamic network of many agents (which may represent cells, species, individuals, firms, nations) acting in parallel, constantly acting and reacting to what the other agents are doing. The control of a CAS tends to be highly dispersed and ...
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