August 2023
Intermediate to advanced
560 pages
15h 15m
English
book
Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants
by CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)
Content preview from Handbook for Process Safety in Laboratories and Pilot Plants
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18 Administrative Fire and Explosion Safeguards
Fire hazards are described in Section 10.3. Fire prevention and mitigation can be accomplished by both engineered and administrative safeguards. Engineered safeguards for fire control are discussed in Section 13.1.
One administrative preventive safeguard often implemented to prevent fires when using flammable or combustible liquids is to operate the process below the flash point for the solvent in the equipment. By controlling the temperature to below the flash point, it should be possible to prevent ignition.
18.1 Standards and Guidance for Fire Prevention
Guidance on explosion prevention can be found in NFPA standards on flammable gases and combustible dusts [110]:
Table 18-1 Standards for Explosions and Combustible Dusts
| NFPA 68 | Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting |
| NFPA 69 | Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems |
| NFPA 499 | Recommended Practice for the Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical Process Areas |
| NFPA 652 | Standard on the Fundamentals of Combustible Dust |
| NFPA 654 | Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids |
Table 13‐1 lists additional NFPA standards that have been useful in LAPP fire and explosion hazard control. Table 10‐5 lists standards for specific gases.
18.2 Ignition Source Control: Procedures
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