The phenomenon of interference is known since the period of Newton. It accounts for the colors observed on oil sleeks and soap bubbles. It is not peculiar to light but is observed with all kinds of waves. When two or more waves are superposed, intensity variations as a result of interference are observed in the region of superposition. The phenomenon provides a very high magnification and hence is a powerful tool for measurement. In order to observe interference effect, certain conditions are to be satisfied. These conditions are both source and observer (recording material) dependent and hence have undergone considerable changes. However, in order to observe stationary interference pattern, the two interfering ...
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