Velocity is defined as the rate of change of position vector. It thus requires the measurement of positions at two time intervals; this would yield the average velocity. If the time interval is exceedingly small, we obtain instantaneous velocity. Measurement of velocity is required in several areas; notable of these are fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. We do require measurement of blood flow in biomedicine.
It is known that the frequency of light reflected from a moving object is Doppler shifted and the Doppler shift is directly proportional to the velocity. The application of this fact for measuring velocity became possible only after the advent of laser. Several other velocity-measuring techniques ...
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