Lithium-Ion Batteries

Chapter 6

Other Positive Electrode Materials

Faxing Wang, Yuping Wu, and Teunis van Ree

The main positive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, and LiFePO4, were discussed in Chapters 2 through 5. In this chapter, several other important positive electrode materials will be discussed, including Li-rich layered Mn oxides, phosphates, sulfates, silicates, borates, titanates, V2O5, and other oxides [1].

6.1 Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide (Li2MnO3–LiMO2)

In 1991, inspired by the discovery that acid treatment of spinel LiMn2O4 yielded λ-MnO2 with a Mn2O4 spinel framework, Thackeray et al. synthesized the layered lithium–manganese oxide compound Li2−xMnO3−x/2 (0 < x < 2), which has a cubic close-packed oxygen anion array ...