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O'Reilly Platform
book
流畅的Python(第2版)
by
Luciano Ramalho
April 2023
Intermediate to advanced
769 pages
25h 16m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from
流畅的Python(第2版)
with
、
match
和
else
块
|
527
# (set! n (+ n 1))
case ['set!', Symbol(name), value_exp]:
env.change(name, evaluate(value_exp, env))
匹配对象:
一个列表,以
'set!'
开头,后跟一个
Symbol
和一个表达式。
操作结果:
使用表达式的求值结果更新
env
中
name
的值。
Environment.change
方法从局部环境到全局环境依序遍历,把找到的第一个
name
更新为新
值。如果不是为了实现
'set!'
关键字,
那么在这个解释器中,使用
Environment
类型的地
方都可以使用
Python
的
ChainMap
。
Python
的
nonlocal
和
Scheme
的
set!
解决同样的问题
set!
形式与
Python
中的
nonlocal
关键字作用类似:声明
nonlocal x
之后,可以使
用
x = 10
更新局部作用域外部定义的
x
变量。在
Python
中,如未声明
nonlocal x
,
则
x = 10
始终创建一个局部变量(详见
9.7
节
)。
类似地,
(set! x 10)
更新可能在函数局部环境外部定义的
x
。相比之下,
(define x
10)
中的
x
始终是局部变量,在局部环境中创建或更新。
nonlocal
和
(set! ...)
都是为了更新闭包中变量存储的程序状态。示例
9-13
使用
nonlocal
实现一个计算累计平均值的函数,在闭包中存储
count
和
total
。下面使用
lis.py
定义的
Scheme ...
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Publisher Resources
ISBN: 9787115612366