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流畅的Python(第2版)
book

流畅的Python(第2版)

by Luciano Ramalho
April 2023
Intermediate to advanced
769 pages
25h 16m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from 流畅的Python(第2版)
动态属性和特性
661
普通的读值方法。
普通的设值方法。
构建
property
对象,赋值给一个公开的类属性。
在某些情况下,这种经典形式比装饰器句法好,稍后讨论的特性工厂函数就是一例。但
是,如果在方法众多的类主体中使用装饰器,则一眼就能看出哪些是读值方法,哪些是设
值方法,而不用约定一种惯例,在方法名的前面加上
get
set
类中的特性能影响实例属性的寻找方式,但一开始这种方式可能会让人觉得意外。
22.5.1
节将详细说明。
22.5.1
 特性覆盖实例属性
特性是类属性,但是特性管理的其实是实例属性的存取。
1
1.12
节所述,如果实例和所属的类有同名数据属性,那么实例属性就覆盖(或称遮盖)
类属性——至少通过实例读取属性时是这样。示例
22-23
阐明了这一点。
示例
22-23
实例属性遮盖类属性
data
>>> class Class:
... data = 'the class data attr'
... @property
... def prop(self):
... return 'the prop value'
...
>>> obj = Class()
>>> vars(obj)
{}
>>> obj.data
'the class data attr'
>>> obj.data = 'bar'
>>> vars(obj)
{'data': 'bar'}
>>> obj.data
'bar'
>>> Class.data
'the class ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787115612366