
Approximate embodied energies
and embodied carbon for an
array of common materials
C
Material
Concrete
Steel
Stainless steel
Timber
Glue laminated timber
Glass fiber insulation
Aluminum
Asphalt (bitumen)
Plywood
Glass
PVC
Copper
Lead
Energy
(MJ/kg)
1.11
20.1
56.7
8.5
12
28
155
51
15
15
77.2
42
25.21
Carbon
(kgCO
2
/kg)
0.159
1.37
6.15
0.46
0.87
1.35
8.24
0.4
1.07
0.85
2.41
2.6
1.57
ask yourself: “Can I conceivably bury or sequester
carbon in that flow?” Makers, if you can figure
out how to answer yes, you’ll make an enormous
contribution to addressing climate change.
If we are to sequester carbon, it most likely
will be by utilizing the large material ...