Programming the board
If you look back, you'll notice that two different types of files are generated by the build process. First, we have a .dfu file. The .dfu file is a Device Firmware Update (DFU) file format, which is supported by the USB standard. We can use Linux-based dfu-util or the STMicroelectronics DfuSe tool to program these files into flash. Alternatively, there is a hex file output as well. We can use the STMicroelectronics ST utility to program the board as well.
My personal preference is to use dfu-util. I've found this to be the simplest approach because it does not require the use of an external flash programmer. The DFU update mechanism is built into the STM32 microcontrollers by pulling the boot pin high while the microcontroller ...
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