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Python数据处理
book

Python数据处理

by Jacqueline Kazil, Katharine Jarmul
July 2017
Intermediate to advanced
398 pages
11h 54m
Chinese
Posts & Telecom Press
Content preview from Python数据处理
Python
基础
27
2.3.4
 字典方法
字典能做什么
为了学习一些有用的字典方法,我们来从头创建一个动物数量的字典。
在下面的例子中,我们创建了一个空的字典。然后添加了一个键,并给定了这个键对应
的值:
animal_counts = {}
animal_counts['horses'] = 1
向字典添加元素(
animal_counts[
'
horses
'
]
)与向列表添加元素略有不同。这是因为字典
既有键又有值。在上面的例子中,键是
'
horses
'
,值是
1
我们用动物数量来定义字典的其他部分:
animal_counts['cats'] = 2
animal_counts['dogs'] = 5
animal_counts['snakes'] = 0
现在在
Python
解释器中输入
animal_counts
,你应该会得到以下字典:
{
'
horses
'
: 1,
'
cats
'
: 2,
'
dogs
'
: 5,
'
snakes
'
: 0}
。(
Python
字典不会保存元素的顺序,所以你看到的
输出可能会有所不同,但应该包含相同的键值对)。
这里讲的是一个非常小的例子,但是编程并非总是这样方便。试想由世界上所有家畜的数
量构成的字典。作为程序员,我们可能不知道这个
animal_counts
字典中包含的所有动物
种类。在处理一无所知的大型字典时,我们可以利用字典方法来了解字典的更多内容。下
面这个命令返回字典包含的所有键:
animal_counts.keys()
如果你把前面的练习都做了,那么在解释器中输入上面的代码会返回一个键的列表,如下 ...
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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9787115459190