
4.3. MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION 65
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
−400
−200
0
Normalized Frequency (×π rad/sample)
Phase (degrees)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
−400
−200
0
Normalized Frequency (×π rad/sample)
Magnitude (dB)
Figure 4.9: The frequency response diagram associated with a fourth-order Butterworth
lowpass filter having a cutoff frequency of 0.25F
s
/2.
−1 −0.5 0 0.5 1
−1
−0.8
−0.6
−0.4
−0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
real part
imaginary part
4
Figure 4.10: Pole/zero diagram for a fourth-order Butterworth lowpass filter having a cutoff
frequency of 0.25F
s
/2.