Unicode Explained

displayed in all uppercase. The character data is preserved as such, however, so if

you later select the text again and uncheck the checkbox, the original form becomes

visible. You can also use this approach when defining a style in MS Word, since

the style settings have font formatting options, too.

Both of these mappings might perform simple mapping only, so they should be used

with caution; e.g., for texts in German and Turkish. Also note that mapping to titlecase

does not produce grammatically correct results for English, since it capitalizes every

word, but by English rules, words like “a” and “to” should be left lowercase.

In HTML or XML authoring, you might use a Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) declaration

like text‑transform: uppercase. Applied to a string, it performs a conversion to up-

percase when selecting glyphs for rendering the characters. The other values of the

property are lowercase, capitalize (= titlecase), and none.

Such operations can be a better choice than conversions at the character level, since

keeping the data itself in mixed case helps in editing, spellchecking, etc. Moreover,

character-level case mappings are irreversible: there is no way to deduce the original

form from the case-mapped string.

Such an approach also lets you use different stylesheets for the same data, using con-

version to uppercase only when it is judged to be the best way—e.g., for headings

(typically, ...