Hypothesis testing
Hypothesis testing is a formal process for statisticians and data scientists. The standard approach to hypothesis testing is to define an area of research, decide which variables are necessary to measure what is being studied, and then to set out two competing hypotheses. In order to avoid only looking at the data that confirms our biases, researchers will state their hypothesis clearly ahead of time. Statistics can then be used to confirm or refute this hypothesis, based on the data.
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