
327Electric Power Production and Transmission Simulation
with the turbine shaft. With a number of simplications, the turbine behavior is
described by the following equations [1]. The water velocity in the penstock is
UK
u
=
(6.9)
where
K
u
is the proportionality factor
G is the position of the gate
H is the hydrostatic pressure
The turbine mechanical power is
PKHU
= ,
(6.10)
where K
p
is the proportionality factor.
The water column acceleration due to a change in the hydrostatic pressure is
T
dU
H
w
∆
∆
*
*=−
(6.11)
T
LU
aH
w
g
=
0
0
(6.12)
where the lower index 0 designates the initial values, the symbol * designates the
relative incremental change, and a
g
is ...