Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, 4th Edition

299

S

S

Saarburg–Holter A *ue-gas desulfurization process.

Sulphur, 1979, (141), 34.

Saarburg–OTTO A coal gasication process. Powdered coal, together with steam and oxygen, is injected

tangentially into a gasier containing molten slag. Gasication in a bath of molten slag was invented by

R. Rummel in the 1950s and developed by Dr. C. Otto & Company in Germany in the early 1960s. In 1976,

Saarbergwerke and Otto agreed to a joint development program, which culminated in the building of a large

demonstration unit at Völklingen/Fürstenhausen, Germany, which was operated from 1979 to 1982.

Rummel, R., Coke Gas, 1959, 21(247) 493 (Chem. Abstr., 54, 11438).

Eur. Chem. News, Petrochem. Suppl., 1981, Dec, 14.

Mueller, R. and Pitz, H., in Handbook of Synfuels Technology, Meyers, R.A., Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1984, 3–195.

SAB See Steelmaking.

SABA [Spherical Agglomeration–Bacterial Adsorption] A microbiological process for leaching iron pyrite from

coal. The bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans adsorbs on the surface of the pyrite crystals, oxidizing them with

the formation of soluble ferrous sulfate. Developed by the Canadian Center for Mineral and Energy Technology,

Ottawa. In 1990, the process had been developed only on the laboratory scale, using coal from Eastern Canada.

McCready, G.G.L., in Bioprocessing and Biotreatment of Coal, Wise, D.L., Ed., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1990, 685.

SABAR [Strong Acid By Azeotropic Rectication] A process for making nitric acid by the atmospheric oxi-

dation of ammonia. The nitrous gases from the oxidation are absorbed in azeotropic nitric acid in the presence

of oxygen under pressure:

2NO O HO 2HNO

2223

++=½

Developed by Davy McKee, which built plants from 1974 to 1986. See also CONIA.

Hellmer, L., Chem. Eng. Prog., 1972, 68(4), 67.

Hydrocarbon Process. Int. Ed., 1989, 68(11), 106.

Büchner, W., Schliebs, R., Winter, G., and Büchel, K.H., Industrial Inorganic Chemistry, VCH Publishers, Weinheim,

Germany, 1989, 63.

Sabatier–Normann See Normann.

Sablin See Alpha-Sablin.

saccharication A general name for processes that convert wood to useful organic chemicals by hydrolysis

of the polysaccharides in the wood to monomeric sugars. Exemplied by *Bergius–Rheinau, *Madison, and

*Scholler–Tornesch. First operated in Germany in 1901 and in the United States in 1909.

Riegel’s Handbook of Industrial Chemistry, 9th ed., Kent, J.A., Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1992, 254.

Kamm, B., Kamm, M., Gruber, P.R., and Kromus, S., in Bioreneries: Industrial Processes and Products,

Kamm,B., Gruber, P.R., and Kamm, M., Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005, I, 5.