book

Unity 2022 by Example

Name: Unity 2022 by Example
Author: Scott H. Cameron
ISBN: 9781803234595

by Scott H. Cameron

June 2024

Intermediate to advanced

596 pages

15h 16m

English

Packt Publishing

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Unity 2022 by Example
ForewordContributorsAbout the authorAbout the reviewer
Preface
Who this book is forWhat this book coversTo get the most out of this bookDownload the example code filesConventions usedGet in touchShare Your ThoughtsDownload a free PDF copy of this book
Part 1: Introduction to Unity
Chapter 1: Foundational Knowledge of Unity 2022
Technical requirementsUnity Hub – Choosing the 2D URP templateInstalling Unity HubInstalling the Unity Editor – What version?What is a render pipeline?Creating a projectGetting to know the Unity Editor and installing packagesThe Unity Package ManagerIntroducing the GameObject – All about Transform and componentsAdding GameObjects to the sceneThe Transform componentComponents2D sprites with Sprite Creator – Understanding the Sprite Renderer and draw orderingCreating a new sceneCreating a sprite using Sprite CreatorNavigating the scene ViewCreating our player characterUsing Manipulation ToolsSprite Layers and OrderingGame Design Document (GDD) – Introducing the 2D collection gameSummaryImage sources
Part 2: 2D Game Design
Chapter 2: Creating a 2D Collection Game
Technical requirementsCreating a 2D, top-down game environment with TilemapLevel design – Guiding the playerCreating Tile PalettesBuilding the collection game environment with TilemapMaking the level playable – Tilemap Collider 2DIntroduction to creating scripts in C# – IDE, SOLID principles, and design patternsThe IDE – Visual Studio Community 2022The C# Language – Object-oriented programming (OOP)SOLID principlesDesign patternsCoding a simple player controller with the new Input SystemNew Input SystemPlayer controller scriptSummary
Chapter 3: Completing the Collection Game
Technical requirementsUsing CM to follow the Player and playtestingCreating a Player PrefabCreating a 2D follow cameraPlaytesting the levelGame mechanics and how to create with code (components)What is a game mechanic?Adding to our GDDCollecting pickupsHitting hazardsIntroduction to uGUI, the timer, counting, and winningCanvasTextMesh ProUpdating the pickup countThe Timer scriptWinning the gameSummary
Part 3: 2D Game Design Continued
Chapter 4: Creating a 2D Adventure Game
Technical requirementsExtending the GDD – Introducing the 2D adventure gameImporting assets to use with Sprite Shape – A different kind of 2D environment builderImporting and preparing the artworkLevel and environment design – Guiding the playerSignpostingCreating platformsMoving platforms and triggers – Creating a dynamic interactable environmentMoving a Sprite Shape platform with SplinesTriggering actions in the levelAdding polish to our environment to immerse the player and optimizingPolishing the environmentOptimizing draw callsSummary
Chapter 5: Continuing the Adventure Game
Technical requirementsSetting up the player character with PSD ImporterRigging the actorGenerating the sprite mesh geometryAdjusting the bone influenceEditing sprite bone weightsSetting up inverse kinematics (IK)Creating actor animationsUsing an Input Action MapMoving the player with a player controller scriptProcessing Player InputCreating the PlayerController scriptPhysics materialsAnimating the character with MecanimTransitioning animation statesChanging the animation state with codeFlipping the player characterSummary

Chapter 6: Introduction to Object Pooling in Unity 2022
Technical requirementsThe object pooling patternThe Unity object pooling APICreating a new object poolAdditional parameters affecting the object poolA pooled player shooting modelCreating the pooled player shooting modelImplementing the pooled shooting modelAdding pooled shooting to the player characterSummary
Chapter 7: Polishing the Player’s Actions and Enemy Behavior
Technical requirementsPolishing with Shader Graph and Trail RendererEnabling post-processingApplying glow to the bullet with Shader GraphCreating a new Shader Graph 2D materialAdding a 2D light to the playerPolishing is easy with Trail RendererEnemy Prefabs and variants – Configuring with SOsCreating an enemy Prefab with configurationsCreating an enemy variant for alternate enemy typesCreating a Prefab VariantImplementing basic enemy behavior using an FSMState ModelA simple FSM patternChanging state behaviorsSummary
Chapter 8: Extending the Adventure Game
Technical requirementsHealth and inflicting damageHealth systemInterfaces required!Taking damage – IDamage interfaceProjectileDamage componentHealing – IHeal interfaceControlling what damages/heals whatUpdating the player and enemy to use healthAssigning the object with health – IHaveHealth interfaceProcess changes to healthEnemy wave spawnerCreating the enemy spawner PrefabIntegrating spawning with patrol behaviorSummary
Chapter 9: Completing the Adventure Game
Technical requirementsCreating an event system in C# to tie things together looselyThe new event systemSystems GameObjectCreating a quest system for a collecting keys missionThe quest systemScript Execution OrderThe questCollecting keysSolving the key puzzle and winning the gameSliding tile puzzleWinningTimelineSummary
Part 4: 3D Game Design
Chapter 10: Creating a 3D First Person Shooter (FPS)
Technical requirementsDesigning for 3D while continuing the GDDGreyboxing a 3D environment with ProBuilder and PrefabsHabitat interior levelInstalling ProBuilderModular parts, Prefabs, and VariantsGreyboxing the level designCreating an FPS player character with the Unity Starter AssetInstalling the Unity Starter AssetsStarter Assets Playground sceneGetting aroundAdding the first-person controller to our levelPlaytesting the levelRefactoring environment interactions to 3D API methodsRevisiting the TriggeredEvent componentImplementing a TriggeredEvent in our level designAnimating the door openingCode reuse in practice – Adding premade components to the playerConstant damage scriptInspector DebugRecharging aka healingSummary
Chapter 11: Continuing the FPS Game
Technical requirementsDecorating the 3D environmentUpdating and replacing PrefabsApplying new materialsImmersing the player using Polybrush and DecalsPainting objects with PolybrushPainting/scattering objectsSurface story with DecalsLighting design – Probes, Decals, light baking, and performanceSetting the URP Forward+ Rendering PathProxy lighting with Decals (yes, Decals)Bake that lighting?Light ProbesBaked lighting dynamic shadowsBlob shadowsSummary
Chapter 12: Enhancing the FPS Game with Audio
Technical requirementsAdding audio using the Audio MixerSound design 101 for gamesAdding audio to the gameBuilding an immersive soundscape with music, SFX, and ambiancePlaying musicPlaying SFXPlaying SFX 3DPlaying ambient soundEnhancing the audio experience with footsteps and reverb zonesReusing audio player codeAdding a method overload to AudioPlayerSFXImplementing AudioPlayerFootstepsImplementing sprintingAdding reverb zonesDeeper SOLID refactoringSummary
Part 5: Enhancing and Finishing Games
Chapter 13: Implementing AI with Sensors, Behavior Trees, and ML-Agents
Technical requirementsRefactoring the 2D enemy systems to 3D with NavMeshImporting scripts from the 2D projectRefactoring the PatrolWaypoints class for NavMeshConfiguring the enemy NavMesh Agent (Prefab)Adding waypoints to the level and testingDynamic enemies with sensors and behavior treesCreating sensory behaviorsWrangling behaviors with a behavior treeIntroducing ML with ML-AgentsNavigating training efficiency with NavMeshExamining an ML-Agents setupSummary
Chapter 14: Entering Mixed Reality with the XR Interaction Toolkit
Technical requirementsIntroduction to MR and development frameworksXR Interaction Toolkit (XRI)AR FoundationOpenXR: Meta packageDesigning a boss roomSetting up the physical spaceCreating the Unity projectLaying out the boss room sceneWorking with AR planes (AR Foundation)Spawning using planes with AR Plane ManagerInstantiating on a table planeInstantiating using the floor planeInstantiating with wall planesToggling MR visuals with XR InputPlacing interactable objects in the worldMaking objects XR interactablesPlacing the modules in the roomMaking the module slots interactableConfiguring the laser gunImplementing the boss room mechanicsSolving the crystal modules puzzleSpawning enemiesCompleting the game loopSummary
Chapter 15: Finishing Games with Commercial Viability
Technical requirementsIntroducing GaaS – UGSIntroducing Unity DevOpsIntroducing Unity LiveOpsSafeguarding your investment! Source code management with Unity Version ControlCatering VCS for programmersCatering VCS for artistsCatering VCS for GitSetting up Unity Version ControlEngaging players with an in-game economyEconomies for mobile gamesEconomies for premium gamesContrasting economic strategiesGetting your game out there! Platform distributionDistributing on mobile platformsDistributing on PC platformsImplementing UGS and publishingAdding LiveOps servicesUpdating game content dynamicallyPublishing with Unity Build AutomationSummaryFinal words!
Index
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Content preview from Unity 2022 by Example

9 Completing the Adventure Game

In Chapter 8, we started by creating a flexible health system that can be added to any object to give it health, take damage, and heal. The system is extensible, meaning the things that can deal with damage and apply healing can be anything without the need to modify the HealthSystem class because we used interfaces to implement the behavior (not concrete class types). With objects now able to take damage, we continued by updating Player and enemy objects to use health – so, we have the semblance of a real game in the making.

We continued by creating a wave spawner that instantiates new enemies on a fixed time interval and integrates with the existing patrol behavior. This allows us to add more complex enemy behavior, ...

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Unity 2022 by Example

by Scott H. Cameron

9

Completing the Adventure Game

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