Windows Networking Tools

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2

ExamInIng thE tcP/

IP Protocol SuItE

e primary objective of this chapter is to obtain an appreciation for

the composition of the TCP/IP protocol suite. We first examine the

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Open Systems

Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model, which was briefly men-

tioned in Chapter 1. Although the TCP/IP protocol suite predates

the ISO’s Reference Model, by examining the layering concept asso-

ciated with communications defined by that model we can obtain a

better appreciation for the functioning of the TCP/IP protocol suite.

Let’s examine the ISO Reference Model.

2.1 ISO Reference Model

During the 1970s, which was approximately a dozen years after the

development of several popular communications protocols, ...