252 Analyzing and Securing Social Networks
In some cases, it may be possible to return only the answers that we know comply with the
policy constraints. In other cases, it may be necessary to replace a restricted subgraph satisfying a
query according to some transformation rules that leaves the released knowledge base consistent
with the policy constraints. Yet another approach may be to lie; this is similar to polyinstantiation
in multilevel secure databases where users at different clearance levels see different versions of
reality.
21.3.4 Query ModificAtion for enforcing conStrAintS
Approaches for modifying the graph patterns in a SPARQL query make use of different tech-
niques, for example, SPARQL lters and property functions, graph tra ...