
Chapter 3
Social Insect Societies
for the Optimization
of Dynamic NP-Hard
Problems
Stephan A. Hartmann, Pedro C. Pinto,
Thomas A. Runkler, and João M.C. Sousa
Contents
3.1 Introduction ................................................................. 44
3.2 Optimization of Dynamic NP-HardProblems ............................ 45
3.2.1 Approaches to Problem Optimization .............................. 46
3.2.2 Meta-Heuristics Inspired in Social Insects .......................... 46
3.3 AntColonies KeepSupplyLines............................................ 47
3.3.1 RepresentationoftheProblem...................................... 50
3.3.2 PheromoneUpdate.................................................. ...