
Ant-Inspired Allocation
■
253
K sum to 0. Furthermore, the vector 1 exists in the nullspace of K
T
. From here we
can conclude that the system Kx = 0 subject to (10.6) has a unique equilibrium
point. Next, to show that the equilibrium point is in fact a stable one, consider the
matrix given by S = (1/s)(sI + K
T
),wheres > 0andI is the M × M identity
matrix. We note that for large enough s, S is a Markov matrix with nonnegative
entries which then allows us to prove that K
T
is negative semi-definite. We refer the
interested reader to Halász et al.
33
for more detailed exposition.
10.4.2 Time-Delayed Model
We can arrive at a similar conclusion for the time-delayed ...