Common Errors in Statistics (and How to Avoid Them), 4th Edition

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For commentary on the use of wrong or inappropriate statistical methods, see Avram et al. [1985], Badrick and Flatman [1999], Berger et al. [2002], Bland and Altman [1995], Cherry [1998], Cox [1999], Dar, Serlin, and Omer [1994], Delucchi [1983], Elwood [1998], Felson, Cupples, and Meenan [1984], Fienberg [1990], Gore, Jones, and Rytter [1977], Lieberson [1985], MacArthur and Jackson [1984], McGuigan [1995], McKinney et al. [1989], Miller [1986], Padaki [1989], Welch and Gabbe [1996], Westgard and Hunt [1973], White [1979], and Yoccoz [1991].

Hunter and Schmidt [1997] emphasize why significance testing remains essential.

Guidelines for reviewers are provided by Altman [1998a], Bacchetti [2002], Finney [1997], Gardner, Machin and Campbell [1986], George [1985], Goodman, Altman and George [1998], International Committee of Medical Journal Editors [1997], Light and Pillemer [1984], Mulrow [1987], Murray [1988], Schor and Karten [1966], and Vaisrub [1985].

For additional comments on the effects of the violation of assumptions, see Box and Anderson [1955], Friedman [1937], Gastwirth and Rubin [1971], Glass, Peckham, and Sanders [1972], and Pettitt and Siskind [1981].

For the details of testing for equivalence, see Dixon [1998]. For a review of the appropriate corrections for multiple tests, see Tukey [1991].

For true tests of independence, see Romano [1990]. There are many tests for the various forms of dependence, such as quadrant dependence (Fisher’s Exact Test), trend ...