September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
390 pages
10h 23m
Spanish
Content preview from Fundamentos de la visualización de datos
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Capítulo 7. Visualización de distribuciones: Histogramas y gráficos de densidad
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Con frecuencia nos encontramos con la situación en la que nos gustaría comprender cómo se distribuye una determinada variable en un conjunto de datos. Para dar un ejemplo concreto, consideraremos los pasajeros del Titanic, un conjunto de datos que encontramos en el Capítulo 6. Había aproximadamente 1.300 pasajeros en el Titanic (sin contar a la tripulación), y tenemos las edades de 756 de ellos. Podríamos querer saber cuántos pasajeros de qué edades había en el Titanic, es decir, cuántos niños, jóvenes adultos, personas de mediana edad, ancianos, etc. Llamamos distribución por edades de los pasajeros a las proporciones relativas de las distintas edades entre los pasajeros.
Visualizar una única distribución
Podemos hacernos una idea de la distribución de edades entre los pasajeros agrupando a todos los pasajeros en franjas de edades comparables y contando después el número de pasajeros de cada franja. Este procedimiento da como resultado una tabla como la Tabla 7-1.
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