September 2024
Intermediate to advanced
390 pages
10h 23m
Spanish
Content preview from Fundamentos de la visualización de datos
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Capítulo 19. Errores frecuentes en el uso del color
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El color puede ser una herramienta increíblemente eficaz para mejorar las visualizaciones de datos. Al mismo tiempo, una mala elección del color puede arruinar una visualización por lo demás excelente. El color debe aplicarse para servir a un propósito, debe ser claro y no debe distraer.
Codificar demasiada información o información irrelevante
Un error común es intentar dar al color un trabajo demasiado grande para que lo pueda manejar, codificando demasiados elementos diferentes en colores diferentes. Como ejemplo, considera la Figura 19-1. Muestra el crecimiento de la población frente al tamaño de la población de los 50 estados de EEUU y el Distrito de Columbia. He intentado identificar cada estado dándole su propio color. Sin embargo, el resultado no es muy útil. Aunque podemos adivinar qué estado es cuál mirando los puntos coloreados en el gráfico y en la leyenda, cuesta mucho esfuerzo ir y venir entre los dos para intentar hacerlos coincidir. Simplemente hay demasiados colores diferentes, y muchos de ellos son bastante parecidos entre sí. Aunque con mucho esfuerzo podamos averiguar exactamente qué estado es cada uno, esta visualización anula el propósito de la coloración. Debemos utilizar el color para realzar las cifras y facilitar su lectura, no para oscurecer los datos creando rompecabezas visuales.
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