October 2021
Intermediate to advanced
289 pages
8h 31m
Chinese
Content preview from 数据科学中的实用统计学(第2版)
Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.
152
｜
第
4
章
图 4-9：变量
SqFtTotLiving
的偏残差图
这个例子中的非线性是可以理解的：与大房子相比，一个小房子面积多出
500
平方英尺所
造成的差异要大得多。这说明
SqFtTotLiving
并不是一个简单的线性项，而是一个非线性
项（参见
4.7
节
）。
本节要点
•
虽然离群点会在小数据集中造成一些问题，但它的主要价值是找出数据中存在的问
题或定位异常。
•
在小数据集中，单条记录（包括回归中的离群点）可能会对回归方程产生非常大的
影响，但在大数据集中，这种效果被稀释掉了。
•
如果使用回归模型进行正式的统计推断（
p
值之类），就应该检查关于残差分布的假
设。不过，在数据科学中，残差分布通常不是很重要。
•
可以使用偏残差图定性地评估每个回归项的拟合程度，由此可以使用另外一种模型设置。
4.7
多项式回归与样条回归
预测变量与响应变量之间的关系不一定是线性的。对药物剂量的响应通常是非线性的：
药物剂量加倍一般不会产生加倍的响应。对某种产品的需求也不是营销投入的线性函数，
需求会在某个点上达到饱和。有多种方法可以对回归进行扩展，使其能够捕获这些非线
性效果。
Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.
Read now
Unlock full access
More than 5,000 organizations count on O’Reilly
O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.