October 2021
Intermediate to advanced
289 pages
8h 31m
Chinese
Content preview from 数据科学中的实用统计学(第2版)
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114
｜
第
3
章
3.12
小结
实验设计的基本原则是将被试者随机地划分到两个或多个组中，这些组接受不同的处理。
这种原则可以让我们对处理效果得出有效的结论。设计实验时，最好包括一个“不做任何
改变”的控制处理。在传统的统计学课程与教材中，关于正式统计推断（假设检验、
p
值、
t
检验
，以及更多类似检验）的内容占用了大量时间和篇幅。从数据科学的角度来说，多
数时候是不需要这种正式推断的。但是，重要的是要认识到，随机变动可以愚弄人类的思
维。直观的重抽样过程（置换与
Bootstrap
）可以让数据科学家测量出随机变动在数据分析
中所起的作用。
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