September 2013
Intermediate to advanced
264 pages
5h
Chinese
Content preview from Bad Data 技術手冊
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48
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第三章：資料是要給人類使用，而非給機器使用
後記
我們撰寫的這些程式包含了一些對電子試算表中的資料格式所作的假設。這裡假設
「Male」這個字（若有出現的話）永遠會出現在欄位
Col1
中。我們假設 11 年級的資料
值（若有的話）永遠會出現在欄位
Col4
中，12 年級的資料永遠會出現在欄位
Col6
中，
而 13 年級的資料永遠會出現在欄位
Col8
中。更重要的是，我們假設若 13 年級的男學
生參加 NCEA 的人數很少，且 13 年級的女學生參加 NCEA 的人數很多的話就是一間
女校。
我們基於這些假設撰寫程式，而這個程式產生出學校的清單，但我們仍然必須要去確認
這些學校實際上就是符合原始結果（男學生在女校參加 NCEA）的學校。程式幫我們做
到的事情是，減輕執行例行確認的工作，這些工作若讓人類來做可能要花費許多時間，
而且很可能會發生錯誤。然而，仍然需要人腦協助檢查最後結果的三間學校，來確認答
案是正確的。
其他格式
本章主要在介紹以方便人類查看的格式所儲存的特定資料範例，展示了在電子試算表中
的資料整理，以及展示了將資料集合分散在多張電子試算表中，有可能會為重新使用資
料這件事帶來許多阻礙。
當然，還有許多其他的方法會讓這個問題產生。本章所使用的電子試算表範例，讓我們
至少能夠獨立的存取模糊不清的資料值，因為每個電子試算表的格子只會包含一個資
料值或是資料標籤。若資料是存放在無法清楚辨識資料值的格式中，那麼狀況將會更
棘手。
若資料是存放在 PDF 文件中的表格內時，這個問題就會發生。舉例來說，圖
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