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Part IV: Business and Society
(vi) Ethics is not a collection of values: Values are almost always
over-simplifi cations, which rarely can be applied uniformly.
Values tend to be under-defi ned, situational by nature and sub-
ject to fl awed human reasoning such that by themselves they
cannot assure true ethical conduct. Consider the much-dis-
cussed value of employee loyalty. Should employees be loyal
to coworkers, supervisors, customers, or investors? Since it
is impossible to be absolutely loyal to all the four simultane-
ously, in what order should these loyalties occur? Employers
who demand employee loyalty rarely can answer this question
completely or satisfactorily.
Alvin Tofl er said, “A corporation is no longer responsible simply ...