As discussed briefly in the previous
chapter, if you wish to make inferences about a certain population
of observations, then gathering all the data from the entire population
is obviously best. However you often cannot do this for practical
reasons such as difficulty and cost. For example, you might need to
survey only a sample of your employees to ascertain job satisfaction
and similar constructs, with the task of using these sample-based
results to make inferences to the general population.
Choosing the correct sample that will do a good job of reflecting the broader population is important and desirable. You need to know many aspects of research methodology in order to do sampling really well. The following are perhaps ...